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\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid67698713\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fi-360\li720\jclisttab\tx720\lin720 }{\listlevel\levelnfc4\levelnfcn4\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0
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{\list\listtemplateid-175575524\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc0\leveljcn0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\leveltemplateid-1168849546\'03(\'00);}{\levelnumbers\'02;}\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fbias0 
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\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl215\slmult1\widctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx5760\tx7200\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373\charrsid11750492 
\par \ltrrow}\trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow\ts11\trgaph108\trrh2673\trleft-108\trftsWidth3\trwWidth9470\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid15417797\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalc\clbrdrt\brdrtbl 
\clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5598\clshdrawnil \cellx5490\clvertalc\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3872\clshdrawnil \cellx9362
\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tqc\tx4320\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373 IN THE MATTER OF }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12210403 AMENDING}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid14685072 THE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373 RULES FOR PUBLIC ACCESS AND PRIVACY TO COURT RECORDS IN {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname 
State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}MONTANA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373\charrsid11750492 {\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}\cell }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl
\tqc\tx4320\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373\charrsid11750492 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid2326373\charrsid11750492 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373\charrsid11750492 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373\charrsid11750492 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373\charrsid11750492 R\cell }\pard \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373\charrsid11750492 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\lastrow \ltrrow
\ts11\trgaph108\trrh2673\trleft-108\trftsWidth3\trwWidth9470\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddfr3\tblrsid15417797\tblind0\tblindtype3 \clvertalc\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth5598\clshdrawnil \cellx5490\clvertalc\clbrdrt\brdrtbl \clbrdrl\brdrtbl \clbrdrb\brdrtbl \clbrdrr\brdrtbl \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3872\clshdrawnil \cellx9362\row }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl215\slmult1\widctlpar
\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx5760\tx7200\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373 _________________}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2326373 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid2326373 
\par \tab On February 13, 2007, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid8073195 this Court adopted the Rules for Privacy and Public Access to Court Records in {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}Montana
{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} (the Rules) and ordered that the Rules would be effective on December 31, 2007, \'93recognizing that certain rules or parts thereof may become applicable only when the technology contemplated by the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid8073195 ule or part thereof becomes available to the courts.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462   On December 11, 2007, Judy Meadows, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 tate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 aw }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 ibrarian, and Karen Nelson, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid3082462 irector of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 nformation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 echnology, Office of the Supreme Court Administrator,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid4815357  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid4815357 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447 -C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid4815357 hairs of the Task Force (referred to in our February 13, 2007 Order)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid145978  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 filed their petition to amend the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid4815357 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 
ules and to extend the implementation date thereof.  This petition requested an amendment to Section 4.5(c) of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13264474 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 
ules and further requested that the implementation date of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13264474 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 
ules be extended for the purpose of receiving additional comments and addressing various concerns expressed by the clerks of court and members of the Bar with regard to the procedures and processes necessary to implement the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13264474 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 ules.  In response to this petition, we issued our Order dated December 12, 2007, amending Section 4.5(c) of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid13264474 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 ules and extending the implementation date of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13264474 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 
ules to July 1, 2008, along with an intervening 60}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3235879 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 day public comment period.  This comment period
 has now expired; the comments received have been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636  filed with the Clerk of this Court and have been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462  considered and addressed; and the }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15275119 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15275119 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 
orce has made its }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 \'93R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 eport to the Court, along with its }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 ecommendations for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 ule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 C}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3082462 hanges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15275119  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15275119 uidance }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15275119 aterials for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15275119 
ourts and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15275119 itigants}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 \'94 (the Report).
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 \tab At its public meeting on June 17, 2008, th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 e Court discussed the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1512636 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 eport and the public comments.  The Court noted its concerns that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 r}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 ules of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 lectronic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 f}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 iling of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 d}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 ocuments, which are presently under study and be
ing developed by a subcommittee of the Task Force, incorporate adequate protection of the privacy of crime victims and other personally identifying information included in court documents.  The Court asked that it be kept apprised of the subcommittee
\rquote s work plan and its progress in drafting proposed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 ules for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 e}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 lectronic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 iling of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 c
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 ocuments.  Having thus considered the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 eport and recommendations, and having concluded that the recommen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13518878 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 ations are appropriate, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13518878 good cause shown;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13392813 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13518878 \tab IT IS ORDERED that Section 4.0\emdash A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid15235948 pplicability of the Rules}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13518878 
 adopted by this Court on February 13, 2007}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13264474 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13518878  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3030054 along with }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13518878 the Task Force commentary and selected text CCJ/COSCA Guidelines for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3807123 Public Access to Court Records}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid3235879 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3807123  is repealed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3235879  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3807123 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid13518878 n lieu thereof a new Section 4.00 is adopted as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10245611  (the comments to the Rules are not adopted as rules but are provided for interpretational guidance only)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13518878 :
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid223316 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid223316 Section 4.00 \endash  Applicability of the Rules and Effective Date
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 (a)\tab These rules apply to all court records, regardless of the physical form of the c
ourt record, the method of recording the information in the court record or the method of storage of the information in the court record.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-1080\li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid3832023 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid223316 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 (b)\tab 
Court records in cases filed in district courts and courts of limited jurisdiction before July 1, 2008, may not be placed on the Internet by any court office except as provided under section 4.20.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid3832023 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname stockticker}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 
\par The objective of this section is to make it clear that the rules apply to information in the court record regardless of the form in which the information was created or submitted to the court, the means of gathering, storing or presenting the information,
 
or the form in which it is maintained.  Section 3.10 defines what is considered to be part of the court record.  However, the materials that are contained in the court record come from a variety of sources.  The materials are offered and kept in a variety
 
of forms.  Information in electronic form exists in a variety of formats and databases and can be accessed by a variety of software programs.  To support the general principle of open access, the application of the policy must be independent of technology
, format and software and, instead, focus on the information itself. 
\par 
\par The Montana Commission on Technology has added the new section, 4.00(b) to stipulate that the rules are prospective, and do not apply to documents filed before July, 2008.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 Overview of Section 4.00 Provisions 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 
\par Three categories of information accessibility are created in the following sections of the rules. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3832023  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11862447\charrsid3832023 
The first reflects the general principle that information in court records is generally presumed to be accessible.  See section 4.10
.  Second, there is a section that indicates what information should be accessible remotely.  See section 4.20.  Following these provisions are sections on bulk release of electronic information and release of compiled information See sections 4.30 and 4.
4
0.  A fifth category identifies information prohibited from public access because of overriding privacy or other interests.  See section 4.50.  Finally, having defined what information is accessible and not accessible, there is a section that indicates ho
w to request the prohibition of access to information generally accessible, and how to gain access to information to which public access is prohibited.  See section 4.60. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid11862447 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2521682 \tab IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Section 4.20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid7105007 \emdash 
Court Records in Electronic Form Presumptively Subject to Remote Access by the Public as adopted this Court on February 13, 2007}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13264474 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10245611 
 along with the Task Force }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16542235 commentary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid4260604 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid7105007  is repealed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1866161 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16542235  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid1866161 In lieu thereof a new Section 4.20 is adopted as follows (the comments to 
the Rules are not adopted as rules but are provided for interpretational guidance only):
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9832142 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632377}Section 4.20 \endash 
 Court Records Subject to Remote Access by the Public
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 
\par Court records will not be placed on the Internet for cases filed in courts of limite
d jurisdiction and district courts until rules for electronic filing of court documents are developed through the Commission on Technology and approved by the Supreme Court, except for:
\par 
\par (a)\tab Litigant/party indexes to cases filed with the court; 
\par 
\par (b)\tab Listings of new case filings, including the names of the parties; 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9832142 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 (c)\tab Register of actions showing what documents have been filed in a case; and

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9832142 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin1440\itap0\pararsid9832142 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 (d)\tab 
Calendars or dockets of court proceedings, including the case number and caption, date and time of hearing, and location of hearing.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9832142 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \strike\fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname stockticker}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 
\par Several types of information in court records have traditionally been given wider public distribution than merely makin
g them publicly accessible at the courthouse.  Task force members agreed that the types of information listed in section 4.20 should receive the highest priority for automation and remote access.
\par 
\par The summary or general nature of the information is such that there is little risk of harm to an individual or unwarranted invasion of privacy or proprietary business interests. 
\par 
\par While not every court or every automated system is capable of providing this type of access, courts are encouraged to develop the capability to do so.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \strike\fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 
\par Making certain types of information remotely accessible allows the court to make cost-effective use of public resources provided for its operation.  If the information is not avail
able, someone requesting the information will have to call the court or come down to the courthouse and request the information.  Public resources will be consumed with court staff locating case files containing the record or information, providing it to 
the requestor, and returning the case file to the shelf.  If the requestor can obtain the information remotely, without involvement of court staff, there will be less use of court resources. 
\par 
\par In implementing this section a court should be mindful about wha
t specific pieces of information are appropriately remotely accessible.  Care should be taken that the release of information is consistent with all provisions of the access rules, especially regarding personal identification information.  For example, th
e information remotely accessible should not include information presumptively excluded from public access pursuant to section 4.50, prohibited from public access by court order pursuant to 4.60(a). 
\par 
\par One role of the judiciary, in resolving disputes, is to 
state the respective rights, obligations and interests of the parties to the dispute.  This declaration of rights, obligations and interests usually is in the form of a judgment or other type of final order.  Judgments or final orders have often had great
er public accessibility by a statutory requirement that they be recorded in a \'93judgment roll\'94
 or some similar practice.  One reason this is done is to simplify public access by placing all such information in one place, rather than making someone step through numerous individual case files to find them. 
\par 
\par Recognizing that orders, decrees, final judgments and other court-created documents can contain confidential information that should be protected, such as financial accounts numbers in qualified domestic re
lations orders, the Task Force decided that these documents should not be placed on the Internet by any court office until electronic filing and guidelines for digital documents have been established and approved by the Supreme Court.  It is hoped that wi
thin a year or two there will be sufficient understanding and tools available for privacy protection that these documents will be able to be placed online for public access, while still protecting individual privacy.  
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\qj \li720\ri720\sa52\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid9832142 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af1\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\i0\f0\fs26\insrsid9832142\charrsid9832142 There are circumstances where informa
tion about charges and convictions in criminal cases can change over time, which could mean copies of such listings derived from court records can become inaccurate unless updated.  These circumstances suggest that there be a disclaimer associated with su
ch information, and that education about these possibilities be provided to litigants and the public.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\ai0\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs39\b0\i0\f0\fs26\insrsid223316\charrsid9832142 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri720\widctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin720\lin720\itap0\pararsid11862447 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11282074\charrsid16542235 {\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632377}
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid13443566 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid6445438 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9572186 R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid6445438 ules }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid14115900 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid6445438 as amended by our Order on December 12, 2007, and by this Order}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid14115900 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid6445438 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13443566  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid8289874 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13443566 attached hereto as Exhibit A }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid8289874 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid13443566 shall be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid14115900 effective and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid13443566 implemented}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid6445438  July 1, 2008.
\par \tab IT IS FURTHER ORDERED }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2830556 that a copy of this Order with the attached Word and PDF document links be electronically published on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid857748 
the website for the Judicial Branch, }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12136542  HYPERLINK "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12136542\charrsid15564059 http://www.courts.mt.gov}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid12136542 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3503073\charrsid10036070 {\*\datafield 
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000170000001900000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e0063006f0075007200740073002e006d0074002e0067006f0076000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b4c00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e0063006f007500
7200740073002e006d0074002e0067006f0076002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\fs26\ul\cf2\insrsid12136542\charrsid10036070 http://www.courts.mt.gov}}}\sectd 
\psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12136542 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid857748  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12136542 
and that notice of this Order be published on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2830556 the State Bar of Montana website, }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2830556  HYPERLINK "}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid2830556\charrsid8737764 http://www.montanabar.org}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2830556 " }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid3503073\charrsid679614 {\*\datafield 
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000170000001a00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e006d006f006e00740061006e0061006200610072002e006f00720067000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b4e00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e006d006f00
6e00740061006e0061006200610072002e006f00720067002f000000795881f43b1d7f48af2c825dc485276300000000a5ab000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs38\fs26\ul\cf2\insrsid2830556\charrsid679614 http://www.montanabar.org}}}\sectd 
\psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid2830556 , and that a copy of this Order }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12136542 or notice thereof }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid2830556 be published in the next available issue of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs26\insrsid2830556 The Montana Lawyer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12136542 
 along with a statement that persons unable to access this Order electronically may request a paper copy of the same through the State Law Library, P.O. Box 203004, Helena, MT, 59620-3004 (406-444-1977)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12136542  upon advance payment of reasonable photocopying and postage charges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid6445438 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 \tab IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Clerk of this Court give notice of this Order either electronically or by {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname country-region}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}U.S.
{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} mail to the following persons or organizations:  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 lerk of each }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 istrict }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 ourt of the state of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}; 
\par 
\par each }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 istrict }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 udge of the state of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose};
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 udge of the Workers\rquote  Compensation Court;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 hief }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 udge of the 
{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname Street}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname address}}Water Court{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}; 
\par 
\par the Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 dministrator, who shall serve each of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 udges of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 ourts of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 imited }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 urisdiction and each }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 uvenile }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 robation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
fficer;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 ttorney }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid12477771 G}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 eneral for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11026981 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 tate of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
, with the request that he serve each law enforcement agency or organization that he deems appropriate;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 Chair }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 of the Commission on Courts of Limited Jurisdiction;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 residents of the {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}Montana{\*\xmlclose} Judges Association and the {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}
{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} Magistrates Association;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 residents of the Clerk of Court\rquote s Association for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 lerks of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 istrict }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 ourts and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 lerks of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 ourts of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 L}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 imited }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
urisdiction;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 irectors of the following }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11026981 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
epartments, with the request that they serve the appropriate persons within their }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid11026981 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
epartments:  Administration; Auditor; Corrections; Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Justice; Livestock; Public Health and Human Services; Public Instruction; and Transportation;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 tate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 ppellate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 efender and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 hief }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid10777545 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 ublic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 efender;
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 \tab the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 Chair }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 of the Public Service Commission;
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
\par the Legislative Counsel and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 ode }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
ommissioner;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 resident of the University System; the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid16023506 ean of the University of Montana School of Law; and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
ommissioner of Higher Education, with the request that they serve the appropriate persons within their institutions;
\par 
\par the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 xecutive }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid10777545 D}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 irector of the State Bar o
f Montana, with the request that he serve appropriate persons and committees within that organization and that a copy of this Order be published in the next available issue of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs26\insrsid16023506 The Montana Lawyer}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 ;
\par 
\par Task Force member Ian Marquand, with the request that he serve appropriate persons, associations and organizations within the print and broadcast media and the Freedom of Information Hotline.  It is the Court\rquote 
s hope that the print and broadcast media will give appropriate coverage to this matter and will publicize the hyperlinks where interested persons may review the rules and commentary; and
\par 
\par Task Force member Beth Brenneman on behalf of the Montana Advocacy Program. 
\par 
\par Dated this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid9402609 24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\super\insrsid9402609\charrsid9402609 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid14115900  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
day of June, 2008.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11862447 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs26\insrsid16023506 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\widctlpar\tqr\tldot\tx8630\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9402609 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9402609 {\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781043}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632366}                                                                    /}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609\charrsid9402609 S/ KARLA M. GRAY
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609                                                                     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609\charrsid9402609 /S/ JAMES C. NELSON
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609                                                                     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609\charrsid9402609 /S/ JOHN WARNER
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609                                                                     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609\charrsid9402609 /S/ PATRICIA COTTER
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609                                                                     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609\charrsid9402609 /S/ W. WILLIAM LEAPHART
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609                                                                     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609\charrsid9402609 /S/ JIM RICE
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609                                                                     }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\insrsid9402609\charrsid9402609 /S/ BRIAN MORRIS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9402609 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s41\qc \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\widctlpar\tqr\tldot\tx8630\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11365333 \sect }\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj 
{\footerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s31\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11365333\charrsid11365333 Page }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs37\insrsid11365333\charrsid11365333  PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs37\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid5181896 35}}}\sectd 
\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs37\insrsid11365333\charrsid11365333  of 37 \tab June 2008}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11365333\charrsid11365333 
\par }}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\qc \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\widctlpar\tqr\tldot\tx8630\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\caps\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}MONTANA{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} SUPREME COURT
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781671}Rules for Privacy and Public Access to Court Records 
\par in {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 with Commentary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\fs28\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid10306101 (Including all amendments approved as of July 1, 2008.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid10306101 These rules contain amendments to Section 4.5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid10306101  pursuant to the Supreme Court
\rquote s Order dated December 12, 2007, and to Sections 4.00 and 4.20 pursuant to the Supreme Court\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid10306101 rder dated June 24, 2008.)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par TABLE OF CONTENTS
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tx9000\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tldot\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 PURPOSE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid11421144 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tx9000\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tldot\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 SECTION 1.00 
\endash  PURPOSE OF THE RULES }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 3
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tx9000\tqr\tldot\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tldot\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 WHO HAS ACCESS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid7502247 \tab }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 7
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tx9000\tqr\tldot\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqr\tldot\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 SECTION 2.00 
\endash  WHO HAS ACCESS UNDER THE RULES }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 7
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ACCESS TO WHAT }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4024456 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 SECTION 3.00 \endash  DEFINITIONS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 3.10 \endash  DEFINITION OF COURT RECORD }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 3.20 \endash  DEFINITION OF PUBLIC ACCESS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 3.30 \endash  DEFINITION OF REMOTE ACCESS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 3.40 \endash  DEFINITION OF \'93IN ELECTRONIC FORM\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 12}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 4.00 \endash  APPLICABILITY OF THE RULES }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11742280 AND EFFECTIVE DATE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 13}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 4.10 \endash  GENERAL ACCESS RULE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 14}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 4.20 \endash  COURT RECORDS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 SUBJECT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  TO REMOTE ACCESS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 BY THE PUBLIC }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 4.30 \endash  REQUESTS FOR BULK DISTRIBUTION OF COURT
\par    RECORDS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 16}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 4.40 \endash  ACCESS TO COMPILED INFORMATION FROM COURT
\par    RECORDS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 18}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462    SECTION 4.50 \endash  COURT RECORDS EXCLUDED}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  FROM PUBLIC ACCESS \tab 20}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 SECTION 4.60 \endash  REQUESTS TO PROHIBIT PUBLIC ACCESS TO 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 INFORMATION IN COURT RECORDS OR TO OBTAIN ACCESS TO 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 RESTRICTED INFORMATION}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  \tab 26}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par WHEN ACCESSIBLE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid7351142 \tab .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 30}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 SECTION 5.00 \endash  WHEN COURT RECORDS MAY BE ACCESSED }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 FEES}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid7351142 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 SECTION 6.00 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \endash }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  FEES FOR ACCESS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 \tab 31}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 7.00 \endash  OBLIGATION OF VENDORS PROVIDING INFORMATION
\par    TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT TO {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname Street}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname address}}A COURT{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 O MAINTAIN COURT RECORDS \tab 32}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par OBLIGATION OF THE COURT TO INFORM AND EDUCATE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid7351142 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 SECTION 8.00 \endash  INFORMATION AND EDUCATION REGARDING ACCESS
\par    RULES }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  \tab 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 8.10 \endash  DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION TO LITIGANTS
\par    ABOUT ACCESS TO INFORMATION IN COURT RECORDS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 33}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 8.20 \endash  DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC 
\par    ABOUT ACCESSING COURT RECORDS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 8.30 \endash  EDUCATION OF JUDGES AND COURT PERSONNEL ABOUT
\par    THE ACCESS RULES }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 8.40 \endash  EDUCATION ABOUT PROCESS TO CHANGE INACCURATE
\par    INFORMATION IN A COURT RECORD }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par    SECTION 8.50 \endash  PROCEDURE TO CORRECT, EXPUNGE, OR UPDATE
\par    INACCURATE INFORMATION }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab 34
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid7351142 FORMS}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  \tab 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid9259548 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid11352344 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608    SECTION 9.00 \endash  FORMS \tab 35
\par 
\par    SECTION 9.10 \endash  PETITION FOR COMPILED INFORMATION TO WHICH
\par    PUBLIC ACCESS HAS BEEN RESTRICTED \tab 35}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f1\fs32\lang1033\langfe1033\kerning32\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \page Purpose{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781043}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781671}
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\qj \li0\ri0\sa52\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af1\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b0\i0\f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781044}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781672}Section 1.00 - Purpose of these Rule{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632366}s{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781044}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781672}
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 1.00 - Purpose of the Rule}}}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par The purpose of these rules is to provide a comprehensive f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ramework for a policy on public access}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  to court records.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  These rules provide for access in a manner that: 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Maximizes accessibility to court records}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Supports the role of the judiciary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Promotes governmental accountability}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Contributes to public safety}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Minimizes risk of injury to individuals}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Protects individual privacy rights and interests}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Protects proprietary business information}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Minimizes reluctance to use the court to resolve disputes}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Makes most effective use of court and clerk of court staff}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Provides excellent customer service}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 ; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (k}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Does not unduly burden the ong}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 oing business of the judiciary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par The rules are intended for 1) litigants, 2) those seeking access to court records, and 3) judges and court and clerk of court personnel responding to requests for access. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname stockticker}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par The objective of these rules is to provide maximum p
ublic accessibility to court records, consistent with constitutional or other provisions of law and taking into account public policy interests that are not always fully compatible with unrestricted access. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Eleven significant public policy interests are identified. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Unrestricted access to certain information in court records could result in an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy or unduly increase the risk of injury to individuals and businesses. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Denial of access would compromise the judiciary\rquote s role in society, inhibit accountability, and might endanger public safety. 
\par 
\par These rules start from the presumption of open public access to court records. In some circumstances, however, the right to privacy may require that access to some records is restricted. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The rules reflect the view that any restriction to access must be implemented in a manner narrowly tailored to serve the interests in open access. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The premise underlying these rules is that court records are open and accessible to the public. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Open access serves many public purposes. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Open access supports the judiciary in fulfilling its role in our democratic form of government and in our society. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Open access also promotes the accountability of the judiciary by readily allowing the public to monitor the performance of the judiciary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Other specific benefits of open court records are further elaborated in the remaining subsections}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid1974149 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid1974149 Subsection (a)(2) Supports the Role of the Judiciary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The role of the judiciary is to resolve disputes, between private parties or between an individual or entity and the government, according to a set of rules. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Although the dispute is between two people or entities, or with the government, having the process and result open to the public serves a societal interest in hav
ing a set of stable, predictable rules governing behavior and conduct. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The open nature of court proceedings furthers the goal of providing public education about the results in cases and the evidence supporting them. Another aspect of the court\rquote s dispute 
resolution function is establishing rights as between parties in a dispute. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The decision of the court stating what the rights and obligations of the parties are is as important to the public as to the litigants. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The significance of this role is reflected in statutes and rules creating such things as judgment rolls and party indices with specific public accessibility. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid1974149 Subsection (a)(3) Promotes Government Accountability.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Open court records provide for accountability in at least three major areas:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  1) th
e operations of the judiciary, 2) the operations of other governmental agencies, and 3) the enforcement of laws. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Open court records allow the public to monitor the performance of the judiciary and, thereby, hold it accountable. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Public access to court rec
ords allows anyone to review the proceedings and the decisions of the court, individually, across cases, and across courts, to determine whether the court is meeting its role of protecting the rule of law, and does so in a cost effective manner. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Such access also promotes greater public trust and confidence in the judiciary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Openness also provides accountability for governmental agencies that are parties in court actions, or whose activities are being challenged in a court action. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Finally, open court proceedings and open court records also demonstrate that laws are being enforced. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This includes civil regulatory laws as well as criminal laws. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid1974149 Subsection (a)(4) Contributes to Public Safety.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Open public access contributes to public safety and compliance with the law. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Availability of information about court proceedings and outcomes allows people to become aware of individuals, circumstances or business propositions that may pose a threat to their persons or their property. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Open public access to information thus allows people to protect themselves. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Examples of this are criminal conviction information, protective order information, and judgments in non-criminal cases. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 At the same time however,
 an effort should be made to alert the public of the potentially serious problems that could be brought about by the reliance upon incomplete information from yet unresolved cases, where allegations have not been proven. 
\par 
\par Public safety, physical and economic, is also enhanced to the extent open public access to court records contributes to the accountability of corporations, businesses and individuals. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Court cases are one source of information about unsafe products, improper business practices or dangerous conditions. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Knowing this information is readily available to the public from court records is one incentive for businesses and individuals to act appropriately. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Open access to this information also allows individuals and businesses to better protect themselves from injury. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid13770802 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid13770802 Subsection (a)(5) Minimizes Risk of Injury to Individuals.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Other circumstances suggest unrestricted access is not always in the public interest. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The interest in personal safety can be served by restricting access to information that someone could use to injure someone else, physically, psychologically or economically. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Examples of actual injury to individuals based on information obtained from cour
t records include: intimidation of, or physical violence towards, victims, witnesses, or jurors, repeated domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, identity theft, and housing or employment discrimination. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 While this does not require total restriction 
of access to court records, it supports restriction of access to certain information that would allow someone to identify and find a person to whom they intend harm. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This is an especially serious problem in domestic violence cases where the abused person is seeking protection through the court. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid13770802 Subsection (a)(6) Protects Individual Privacy Rights and Interests.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The countervailing public interest to open public access is the protection of personal privacy. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The interest in privacy is protected by limiting public access to certain kinds of information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The presumption of public access is not absolute. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Considerations identified regarding privacy interests include: a specific, legally protected privacy interest, the reasonableness (personally and objective
ly) of the expectation of privacy, the seriousness of the invasion of privacy, and the legitimate public interest in disclosure. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Appropriate respect for individual privacy also enhances public trust and confidence in the judiciary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 It is also important t
o remember that, generally, at least some of the parties in a court case are not in court voluntarily, but rather have been brought into court by plaintiffs or by the government. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 They have not consented to personal information related to the dispute being in the public domain. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
For those who have violated the law or an agreement, civilly or criminally, an argument can be made that they have impliedly consented to participation and disclosure by their actions.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  However, both civil suits and criminal cases a
re filed based on allegations, so it cannot be presumed that individuals who find themselves in court as a defendant in a case have acted improperly or wrongly as alleged by plaintiffs or by the government.
\par 
\par For those who have not been charged with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 viola
tion of the law, civilly or criminally, but are subject to protective actions initiated by the government, such as those subject to involuntary commitments, guardianship or conservatorship proceedings, implied consent to participation and disclosure could
 not be similarly argued.
\par 
\par Finally, at times a person who is not a party to the action may be mentioned in the court record. Care should be taken that the privacy rights and interests of such a \lquote third\rquote  person, such as a minor involved in child protecti}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  proceedings, is not unduly compromised by public access to the court record containing information about the person. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid13770802 Subsection (a)(7) Protects Proprietary Business Information.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Another type of information to which access may be restricted is that related to the operations of a business. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 There may be a compelling reason to protect trade secrets or other proprietary business information in a particular case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Allowing public access to such information could both thwart a legitimate business advantage and give a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  competitor an unfair business }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 advantage. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 It also reduces the willingness of a business to use the courts to resolve disputes. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid13770802 Subsection (a)(8) Minimizes Reluctance to Use the Court to Resolve Disputes.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The public availability of information in the court record can also affect the decision as to whether to use the court to resolve disputes. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 A policy that permits unfettered public access might result in some individuals avoiding the resolution of a dispute through the court because they are unwill
ing to have information become accessible to the public simply by virtue of it being in the court record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This would diminish access to the courts and undermine public confidence in the judiciary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
There may also be an unintended effect of encouraging use of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, which tend to be essentially private proceedings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  If }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 people }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
believe the courts are not available to help resolve their dispute, there is a risk they will resort to self-help}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  This is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 a response the existence of the courts is intended to minimize because of the societal interest in the peaceful resolution of disputes. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid10309475 Subsection (a)(9) Makes Most Effective Use of Court and Clerk of Court Staff.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This consideration relates to how access is provided rather than whether there is access. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Staff time is required to maintain and provide public access to court records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
If records are in electronic form, less staff time may be needed to provide public access. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
However, there can be significant costs to convert records to electronic form in the first place and to maintain them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
There may also be added costs for court personnel needed to provide appropriate security for court databases and to prevent hackers from improperly accessing and altering court databases. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 These additional staff costs may at least partially offset any savings from improvements in workflow or from less use of staff time to respond to records requests. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 In providing public access the court and clerk should be mindful of doing it in a way that makes most effective use of court and clerk of court staff. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Use of staff may also be a relevant consideration in identifying the method for limiting access under section 4.60(a). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Note that the rule does not require a court to convert records to electronic form, nor to make electronic records available remotely. 
\par 
\par The design of electronic databases used by the court is also relevant here. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Court record management systems should be designed to impr
ove public access to court record}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  as well as to improve the productivity of the court\rquote s employees and judges and the clerk\rquote 
s office. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 What is the added cost of providing both? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The answer to this involves allocation of scarce resources as well as system design issues. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
If the public can help themselves to access, especially electronically, less staff time is needed to respond to requests for access. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The best options would be to design a system to accommodate access restrictions to certain kinds of information without court staff involvement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  discussion in Commentary to Section 3.20.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid8146770 Subsection (a)(10) Provides Excellent Customer Service.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 An access rule should also support excellent customer service while conserving court resources, particular}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  court staff. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Having information in electronic form offers more opportunities for easier, less costly access to anyone interested in the information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This consideration relates to how access is provided rather than whether there is access. 
\par \page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid8146770 Subsection (a)(11) Does Not Unduly Burden the Ongoing Business of the Judiciary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Finally, an access rule and its implementation should not unduly burden the court in delivering its fundamental service \endash  resolution of disputes. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This consideration relates to how access is provided rather than whether there is access. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Depending on the manner of public access, unrestricted public access could impinge on the day-to-day operations of the court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This subsection relates more to requests for bulk access (see section 4.30) or for compiled information (see section 4.40) than to the day-to-day, one at a time requests (see section 1.00, subdivision (a)(9)). }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Limited public resources and high case volume also suggest that courts should not add to their current information burden by co
llecting information not needed for immediate judicial decisions, even if the collection of this information facilitates subsequent use of the collected information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Making information available in electronic form, and making it remotely accessible, requires both staff and equipment resources. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Courts receive a large volume of documents and other materials daily, and converting them to electronic form may be expensive. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 As is the case with all public institutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  courts have limited resources to perform their work. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The interest stated in this subsection attempts to recognize that access is not free, that there may be more than one approach to providing or restricting access and some approaches are less burdensome than others.
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f1\fs32\lang1033\langfe1033\kerning32\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
{\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\v\fs32\lang1033\langfe1033\kerning32\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl1}}}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594636}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631604}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631847}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632367}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781045}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781673}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594636}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631604}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631847}Who Has Access{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632367}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781045}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781673}
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl1Who Has Access}}}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570903}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594637}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631605}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631848}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570903}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594637}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631605}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631848}{\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 2.00 \endash  Who Has Access Under the Rule}}}\sectd 
\psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid2716997 Section 2.00 \endash  Who Has Access Under These Rules
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Every member of the public will have the same access to court records as provided in these rules, subject to the provisions of section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 4.30(b) and 4.40(c). 
\par \~
\par In the official performance of their duties, the following people or entities, because of their employment or relationship to the court, shall not have their access restricted under Sections 4.0 through 4.6:
\par \~
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx0\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (a)\tab C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ourt or clerk of court employees; 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (b)\tab P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 eople or entities, private or governmental, who assist the court in providing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 court services; 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
gencies whose access to court records is defined by another statute, rule, order or policy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  and
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (d)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 he parties to a case or their lawyers regarding acces
s to the court record in their }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ase.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \~
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname stockticker}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par The point of this section is to explicitly state that access is the same for the general public, the media, and the information industry. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Access does not depend on who is seeking access, the reason they want the information or what they are doing with it. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  section also indicates what }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
roups of people are not subject to access restrictions under these rules.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f1\fs32\lang1033\langfe1033\kerning32\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632369}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781047}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781675}Access to What{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632369}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781047}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781675} 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ADVANCE \\d12{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781048}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781676}}}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs39\fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid10824761 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570905}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594639}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631607}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631850}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632370}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570905}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594639}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631607}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631850}Section 3.00 \endash  Definitions{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781048}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781676}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632370} 
\par }{\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid10824761 {\tc {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid10824761 \tcl2Section 3.00 \endash  Definitions }}}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid10824761 ADVANCE \\d12{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781049}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781677}}}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs39\fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid10824761 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570906}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594640}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631608}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631851}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632371}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570906}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594640}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631608}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631851}Section 3.10 \endash  Definition of Court Record{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781049}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781677}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632371} 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 3.10 \endash  Definition of Court Record }}}\sectd 
\psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par For purposes of these rules: 
\par 
\par (a) \'93Court record\'94 includes: 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 1)\tab Any document, information, or other thing that is collected, received, or
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
maintained in the official case file by a court or clerk of court in connection with a judicial proceeding; 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 2)\tab Any index, calendar, docket, register of actions, official record of 
the proceedings, order, decree, judgment, minute, and any information in a case management system created by or prepared by the court or clerk of court that is related to a judicial proceeding; and 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 3)\tab Information maintained by the court or clerk of court
 pertaining to the administration of the court or clerk of court office and not associated with any particular case. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par (b) \'93Court record\'94 does not include: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 1)\tab Notes, drafts and other judicial work product prepared by a judge or for a judge by court staff
 or individuals working for the judge related to cases before the court when it is not included in the official case file;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 2)\tab 
Other non-court records maintained by the public official who also serves as clerk of court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ; and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 3)\tab Information gathered, mainta
ined or stored by a governmental agency or other entity to which the court has access but which is not part of the court record as defined in section 3.10(a)(1). 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname stockticker}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section defines the court record broadly. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Three categories of information are identified.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  First are the documents, etc., that constitute what is classically called the case file.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  The second category is information that is created by the court, some of which becomes part of the court file, but some reside only in documents or databases that are not in a case file. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The third category is information that relates to the operation of the court, but not to a specific case or cases. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The definition addresses the content of a court record, not whether the information is accessible to the public. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Limitations and exclusions to access are provided for in sections 4.50 and 4.60. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The rules are intended to apply to every court record, regardless of the manner in which it was created, the form(s) in which it is stored, or other form(s) in which the information may exist}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  See}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  section 4.00. 
\par 
\par Subsection (a)(1): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This definition is meant to be all inclusive of information that is provided to, 
or made available to, the court that relates to a judicial proceeding. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The term \'93judicial proceeding\'94
 is used because there may not be a court case in every situation.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  The definition is not limited to information \'93filed\'94 with the court or 
\'93made part of the court record\'94 because some types of information the court needs to make a fully informed decision may not be \'93filed\'94 or technically part of the court record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The language is, therefore, written to include information delivered to or \'93lodged\'94 with the court, even if it is not \'93filed.\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 An example is a complaint accompanying a motion to waive the filing fee based on indigency. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The definition is also intended to include exhibits offered in hearings or trials, even if not admitted into evidence. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The defin
ition includes all information used by a court to make its decision, even if an appellate court subsequently rules that the information should not have been considered or was not relevant to the judicial decision made. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 In order for a court to be held accountable for its decisions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 all of the information that a court considered and which formed the basis of the court\rquote s decision must be accessible to the public.  The language is intended to include within its scope materials that are submitted to the court, 
but upon which a court did not act because the matter was withdrawn or the case was resolved or settled by the parties. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Once relevant material has been submitted to the court, it does not become inaccessible because the court did not, in the end, act on the information in the materials because the parties resolved the issue without a court decision. 
\par 
\par Subsection (a)(2): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The definition is written to cover any information that relates to a judicial proceeding generated by the court itself, whether through the court administrator\rquote s personnel or the clerk\rquote s office personnel. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This definition applies to proceedings conducted by temporary judges or referees hearing cases in an official capacity. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This includes two categories of information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
One category includes documents such as notices, minutes, orders and judgments, which become part of the court record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The second category includes information that is gathered, generated, or kept for the purpose of managing the court\rquote s cases. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This information may never be in a document; it may only exist as information in a field of a database such as a case management system, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 an automated register of actions, or an index of cases or parties. 
\par 
\par Subsection (a)(3): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The definition of court record includes some information and records maintained by the court and clerk of court that is related to the management and administration of the court or the clerk\rquote s office, as opposed to a specific case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Examples of this category of information include: internal court policies, memoranda and correspondence, court budget and fiscal records, and other routinely produced administrative records, memos and reports, and meeting minutes. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The Commentary to subsection 4.60(b) discusses restriction of access to drafts and work products related to court administration or clerk\rquote 
s office administration. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid4799509 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Subsection (b)(1): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This subsection makes it clear that the
 rules apply only to information related to court judicial proceedings. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The types of information described are not court records, nor is the court responsible for their collection, maintenance, or accessibility. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
If the official who also serves as clerk o
f court has responsibilities for other information and records, for example records maintained as clerk and recorder which do not relate to specific judicial proceedings, these rules do not apply to these records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The laws and access policies of the agency responsible for gathering and maintaining the information govern access to such information. 
\par 
\par Subsection (b)(2): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The definition excludes information gathered, maintained or stored by other agencies or entities that is not necessary to, or is not part of the basis of, a court\rquote s decision or the judicial process. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Access to this information should be governed by the laws and access policy of the agency collecting and maintaining such information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The ability of a computer in a court or clerk\rquote s office to a
ccess the information because the computer uses shared software and databases should not, by itself, make the court records access rules applicable to the information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 An example of this is information stored in an integrated criminal justice information 
system where all data is shared by law enforcement, the prosecutor, the court, defense counsel, and probation and corrections departments. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The use of a shared system can blur the distinctions between agency records and court records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Under this section, 
if the information is provided to the court as part of a case or judicial proceeding, the court\rquote s access rules then apply, regardless of where the information came from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  or the access rules of that agency. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Conversely, if the information is not made part o
f the court record, the access policy applicable to the agency collecting the data still applies even if the information is stored in a shared database. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid3414958 Section 3.20 \endash  Definition of Public Access}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid3414958 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\qj \li0\ri0\sa52\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af1\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b0\i0\f0\fs24\insrsid1585608\charrsid3414958 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570907}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594641}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631609}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631852}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570907}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594641}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631609}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631852}Public access\'94 means that the public may inspect and obtain a copy of the information in a court record as provided by {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}Montana}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b0\i0\f0\fs24\insrsid1585608 {\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} law.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af1 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\i0\f0\fs24\insrsid1585608\charrsid3414958 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570908}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594642}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570908}
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section defines \'93public access\'94 very broadly. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The unrestricted language implies that access is not conditioned on the reason access is re
quested or on prior permission being granted by the court.  Access is defined to include the ability to obtain a copy of the information, not just inspect it.  The section does not address the form of the copy as there are numerous forms the copy could ta
ke, and more will probably become possible as technology continues to evolve.
\par 
\par At a minimum inspection of the court record can be done at the courthouse where the record is maintained.  It can also be done in any other manner determined by the court that ma
kes the most effective use of court staff, provides quality customer service and is 
\par least disruptive to the operations of the court \endash  that is, consistent with the principles and interests specified in section 1.00.  Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 inspection can be of the physical record or an electronic version of the court record.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Access may be over the counter, by fax, by regular mail, by e-mail}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 or by courier.  The section does not preclude the court from making inspection possible via electronic means or other sites, or remotel
y.  It also permits a court to satisfy the request to inspect by providing a printed report, computer disk, tape or other storage medium containing the information requested from the court record.  The issue of the cost, if any, must be paid before obtain
ing a copy is addressed in section 6.0.
\par 
\par The section implies an equality of the ability to \'93inspect and obtain a copy\'94 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
the public.  Implementing this equality will require the court to address several sources of inequality of access.  Some people have p
hysical impairments that prevent them from using the form of access available to most of the public.  The Americans with Disabilities Act may require the court or clerk to provide information in a form that is usable to someone with a disability.  Another
 problem has to do with the existence of a \lquote digital divide\rquote 
 regarding access to information in electronic form.  The court should provide equivalent access to those who do not have the necessary electronic equipment to obtain access.  Finally, there is the 
issue of the format of electronic information and whether it is equally accessible to all computer platforms and operating systems.  The court should make electronic information equally available, regardless of the computer used to access the information}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  in other words, in a manner that is hardware and software independent.
\par 
\par Another aspect of access is the need to redact restricted information in documents before allowing access to the balance of the d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 cument}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
ee section 4.60 (a) and associated commentar
y.  In some circumstances this may be quite costly.  Lack of, or insufficient, resources may present the court with an awkward choice of deciding between funding normal operations and funding activities related to access to court records.  As technology i
mproves it is becoming easier to develop software that allows redaction of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 pieces of information in documents in electronic form based on \'93tags\'94 (such as XML tags) accompanying the information.  When software to include such tags in documents becomes avail
able and court systems acquire the capability to use the tags, redaction will become more feasible, allowing the balance of a document to be accessible with little effort on the part of the court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs39\fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid10824761 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631610}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631853}
{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781051}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781679}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632373}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594642}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631610}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631853}Section 3.30 \endash  Definition of Remote Access{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781051}
{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781679}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632373} 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 3.30 \endash  Definition of Remote Access }}}\sectd 
\psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par \'93Remote access\'94 means the ability to electronically search, inspect, or copy information in a court record without the need to physically visit the court facility where the court record is maintained.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par The objective of defining the term \'93remote access\'94 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
ection 3.30 is to describe a means of access that is technology neutral.  The term is used in section 4.20 regarding information that should be remotely accessible. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The key elements are that:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  1) the 
access is electronic, 2) the electronic form of the access allows searching of records, as well as viewing and making an electronic copy of the information, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 3) a person is not required to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 access }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 systems). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This definition provides a term that is independent of any particular technology or means of access, for example, the Internet or a system such as the federal court\rquote s PACER}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid1585608\charrsid16481333 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs40\super\insrsid11365333 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11365333 
 PACER (Public Access to Court Electronic Records) is the automated case management information system used by the federal courts to provide information about court cases that can be accessed remotely by a subscriber.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11365333 
\par }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  system.  Remote access may be accomplished electronically by one or more of a number of existing technologies, including dedicated terminal, kiosk, dial-in service, or Internet site. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Attaching electronic copies of information to e-mails, and mailing or faxing copies of documents in response to a letter or phone request for information would not constitute remote access under this definition.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid3414958 Section 3.40 \endash  Definition of \'93In Electronic Form\'94
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Information in a court record that is defined in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ection 3.10 includes: }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
(a) electronic representations of text or graphic documents; (b) an electronic image, including a video image, of a document, exhibit or other thing; (c) data in the fields or files of an electronic database; or (d) an audio or video recording, analog or 
digital, of an event or notes in an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 lectronic file from which a transcript of an event can be prepared.
\par }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ADVANCE \\d12}}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2}}}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname 
State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par The breadth of the definition of \'93in electronic form\'94 makes clear that the rule applies to information that is available in any type of electronic form. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The point of this section is to define what \'93in electronic form\'94 means, not to define whether electronic information can be accessed or how it is accessed. 
\par 
\par Subsection (a): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This subsection refers to electronic versions of textual documents (for example documents produced on a word processor, or stored in some other text format such as PDF format), and pictures, char
ts, or other graphical representations of information (for example, graphics files, spreadsheet files, etc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 .
\par 
\par Subsection (b): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 A document might be electronically available as an image of a paper document produced by scanning, or another imaging technique}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  but not filming or microfilming.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 This document can be viewed on a screen and it appears as a readable document, but it is not searchable without the aid of optical character recognition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 OCR}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ),}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  applications that translate the image into a searchable text format.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 An electronic image may also be one produced of a document or other object through the use of a digital camera, for example in a courtroom as part of an evidence presentation system.
\par 
\par Subsection (c):}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
 courts are increasingly using case management systems, data warehouses or similar tools to maintain data about cases and court activities. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The rule applies equally to this information even though it is not produced or available in paper format unless a report containing the information is generated.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This section, as well as subsection (a), would also cover files created for, and transmitted through, an electronic filing system for court documents. 
\par 
\par Subsection (d):}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  Evidence can be in the form of audio or videotapes of testimony or events. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 In addition}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 audio and video recording, electronic recording and computer-aided transcription systems (CAT) using court reporters are increasingly being used to capture the verbatim recor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 d of court hearings and trials.
{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781053}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781681}
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid11875303 Section 4.00 \endash  Applicability of the Rule{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781053}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781681}s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608 
 and Effective Date
\par }{\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 4.00 \endash  Applicability of the Rule }}}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (a)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
These rules apply to all court records, regardless of the physical form of the court record, the method of recording the information in the court record or the method of storage of the information in the court record.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 (b)\tab Court records in cases filed in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 d}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 istrict }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 ourts and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 ourts of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 imited }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 urisdiction before July 1, 2008}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919  may not be placed on the Internet by any court office except as provided under }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 ection 4.20.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par The objective of this section is to make it clear that the rules apply to information in
 the court record regardless of the form in which the information was created or submitted to the court, the means of gathering, storing or presenting the information, or the form in which it is maintained. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Section 3.10 defines what is considered to be part of the court record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
However, the materials that are contained in the court record come from a variety of sources. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The materials are offered and kept in a variety of forms. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Information in electronic form exists in a variety of formats and databases and can be accessed by a variety of software programs. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
To support the general principle of open access, the application of the policy must be independent of technology, format and software and, instead, focus on the information itself. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par The Montana Commission on Technology has added the new section, 4.00(b) to stipulate that the rules are prospective, and do not apply to documents filed before July, 2008.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Overview of Section 4.00 Provisions 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par Three categories of information accessibility are created in the following sections of the rules. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The first reflects the general principle that information in court records is generally presumed to be accessible}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 section 4.10. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Second, there is a section that indicates what information should be accessible remotely}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  See}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  section 4.20. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Following these provisions are sections on bulk release of electronic information}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 and release of compiled information }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s 4.30 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  4.40. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 A fifth category identifies information prohibited from public access because of overriding privacy or other interests}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 .  See}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  section 4.50. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Finally, having defined what information is accessible and not accessible, there is a section that indicates how to request
 the prohibition of access to information generally accessible, and how to gain access to information to which public access is prohibited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
section 4.60. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\qj \li0\ri0\sa52\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af1\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab0\ai0\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs39\b0\i0\f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570911}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594645}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631613}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631856}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781054}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781682}
{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632376}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570911}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594645}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631613}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631856}Section 4.10 \endash  General Access Rule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\ai0\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b0\i0\f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkend _Toc134781054}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781682}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632376} \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid482460 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 4.10 \endash  General Access Rule \tab }}}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (a)\tab Information in the court record is accessible to the public except a
s prohibited by section 4.50 or section 4.60(a). 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (b)\tab 
There shall be a publicly accessible indication of the existence of information in a court record to which access has been prohibited, which indication shall not disclose the content of the information protected.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (c)\tab 
A local court may not adopt a more restrictive access policy or otherwise restrict access beyond that provided for in these rules, nor provide greater access than that provided for in these rules.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par Subsection (a) states the general premise that information in the court record will be publicly accessible unless access is specifically prohibited. There are two exceptions noted. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 One exception is information in the court record that is specifically excluded from public access by section 4.50. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The second exception provides for those individual situations where the court orders a part of the record to be restricted from access pursuant to the procedure set forth in section 4.60(a). 
\par 
\par The provision does not require any particular level of access, nor does it require a court to provide access in any particular form, for example, publishing court records in electronic form on a web site or dial-in database. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 See section 4.20 on information that a court should make available remotely.
\par 
\par The provision, by omission, reiterates the concept noted in the commentary to section 2.00 that access is not condit
ioned on proper use, nor is the burden on requestors to show they are entitled to access.  Subsection (b) provides a way for the public to know that information exists even though public access to the information itself is prohibited. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This allows a member
 of the public to request access to the restricted record under section 4.60(b), which they would not know to do if the existence of the restricted information was not known. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Making the existence of restricted information known enhances the accountability of the court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 Hiding the existence of information not only reduces accountability, it also erodes public trust and confidence in the judiciary when the existence of the information becomes known. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid11102372 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 In addition to disclosing the existence of information that is not available, there is also a value in indicating how much information is being withheld. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1716045  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 For many redactions this could be as simple as using \'93placeholders,\'94 such as gray boxes, when characters or numbers are redacted, or indicating how many page
s have been excluded if part or all of a document is not accessible. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Providing this level of detail about the information contributes to the transparency and credibility of the restriction process and rules.
\par 
\par There are two situations where this policy presents a dilemma. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
One is where access is restricted to an entire document and the other concerns a case where the entire file is ordered sealed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1716045  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This section requires the existence of the sealed document or file to be public.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  The problem arises whe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 the disclosing of the existence of a document or case involving a particular person, as opposed to some of the information in the court record, reveals the very information the restriction order seeks to protect.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  One example would be the title of a document in a register of actions which describes the type or nature of the information to which access restrictions is being sought. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 These problems can be avoided, to some extent, by using a more generic description in the caption of a document, using a pseud
onym, or some other unique identifier instead of the party}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 s full or real name. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This section requires disclosure of the existence of sealed information in the interest of a more open judicial record. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section 4.1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 0(c) is provided for in the rules to promo
te consistency and predictability across courts; it also furthers equal access to courts and court records.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid3819903 Section 4.20 \endash  Court Records Subject to Remote Access by the Public
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 Court records will not be placed on the Internet for cases filed in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 ourts of }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 imited }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 urisdiction and }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 istrict }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 ourts until rules for }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 lectronic }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 iling of }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3803919 
ocuments are developed through the Commission on Technology and approved by the Supreme Court, except for:
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (a)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Litigant/party indexes to cases filed with the court; 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (b)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Listings of new case filings, including the names of the parties; 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (c)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Register of actions showing what documents have been filed in a case; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (d)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Calendars or dockets of court proceedings, including the case number and caption, date and time of hearing, and location of hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \strike\insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par Several types of information in court records have traditionally been given wider public distribution than merely making them publicly accessible at the courthouse. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task force members agreed that the types of information listed in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ection 4.20 should receive the 
highest priority f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 or automation and remote access.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid2886130 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The summary or general nature of the information is such that there is little risk of harm to an individual or unwarranted invasion of privacy or proprietary business interests. 
\par 
\par While not every court or every automated system is capable of providing this type of access, courts are encouraged to develop the capability to do so.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \strike\insrsid1585608\charrsid983068 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 aking certain types of information remotely accessible allows the court to make cost}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 effective use of public resources provided for its operation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
If the information is not available, someone requesting the information will have to call the court or come down to the courthouse and request the information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Public resources will be consumed with court staff locating case files containing the record or information, providing it to the requestor, and returning the case file to the shelf. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 If the requestor can obtain the information remotely, without involvement of court staff, there will be less use of court resources. 
\par 
\par In implementing this section a court should be mindful about what specific pieces of information are appropriately remotely accessible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 Care should be taken that the release of information is consistent with all provisions of the access rules, especially regarding personal identification information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 For example, the information remotely accessible should not include information presumptively excluded from public access pursuant to section 4.50, prohibited from public access by court order pursuant to 4.60(a). 
\par 
\par One role of the judiciary, in resolving disputes, is to state the respective rights, obligations and interests of the parties to the dispute. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This declaration of rights, obligations and interests usually is in the form of a judgment or other type of final order. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Judgments or final orders have often had greater public accessibility by a statutory requirement that they be recorded in a \'93judgment roll\'94 or some similar practice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 One reason this is done is to simplify public access by placing all such information in one place, rather than making someone step through numerous individual case files to find them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Recognizing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 that orders, decrees, final judgments and other court-created documents can contain confidentia
l information that should be protected, such as financial accounts numbers in qualified domestic relations orders, the Task Force decided that these documents should not be placed on the Internet by any court office until electronic filing and guidelines 
for digital documents have been established and approved by the Supreme Court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
 It is hoped that within a year or two there will be sufficient understanding and tools available for privacy protection that these documents will be able to be placed online for public access, while still protecting individual privacy. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
There are circumstances where information about charges and convictions in criminal cases can change over time, which could mean copies of such listings derived from court records can become inaccurate unless updated. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 These circumstances suggest that there be a disclaimer associated with such information, and that education about these possibilities be provided to litigants and the public.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid3819903 Section 4.30 \endash  Requests for Bulk Distribution of Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Bulk distribution is defined as the distribution of all, or a significant subset, of the information in court records, as is and without modification or compilation.
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (a)\tab Bulk distribution of information in the court record is permitted for court 
records that are publicly accessible under section 4.10 and not prohibited by state law. 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (b)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
A request for bulk distribution of information not publicly accessible can be made to the court where the identification of specific individuals is ancillary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 o the purpose of the inquiry. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Prior to the release of information pursuant to this subsection the requestor must comply with the provisions of section 4.40(c).
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section addresses requests for large volumes of information in court records, as opposed to requesting information from a particular case or reformulated information from several cases}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  Se}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 e section 4.40. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The section authorizes bul
k distribution for information that is publicly accessible.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  It also sets out a method of requesting bulk distribution of information to which}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  public access is restricted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par There are advantages to allowing bulk access to court records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Allowing the public
 to obtain information from court records from a third party may reduce the number of requests to the court for the records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Fewer requests mean less court staff resources devoted to answering inquiries and requests.  However, there are costs associated w
ith making the records available. There may also be technology as well as cost issues in providing bulk distribution of information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
For example, a court\rquote s system may not be able to identify and separate publicly accessible information from restricted information in creating a copy of information for bulk distribution. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Permitting bulk distribution of information in this circumstance assumes providing the data will not interfere with the normal operations of the court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 There is also the \lquote cost\rquote  of reduced public confidence in the judiciary from the existence of inaccurate, stale or incorrectly linked information }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 vailable through third parties but derived from court records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 In allowing bulk data to be disseminated a court should be mindful not to gather i
nformation that it does not need to fulfill its judicial role, even if those requesting bulk information are interested in obtaining this information. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid6297278 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Subsection (a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Bulk transfer is allowed for information that is publicly accessible under these rules}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 however, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
orce members noted that \'a7 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}2-6-10{\*\xmlclose}9, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 prohibits public agencies from distributing or selling for use as a mailing list any list of persons without first securing the permission of those on the list; and that a 
list of persons prepared by the agency may not be used as a mailing list except by the agency or another agency without first securing the permission of those on the list. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 There is no constitutional or other basis for providing greater access to bulk requestors than to th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 public generally, and this section implies there should be no less access.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 Consistent with section 3.20, public access, including bulk access, is not dependent upon the reason the access is sought or the proposed use of the data. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Court information provided through bulk distribution can be combined with information from other sources. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Information from court records may be linked with other information and may be used for purposes that are unrelated to why the information was provided t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 o the court in the first place.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 It is significant to note that transferring information in the court record into databases that are then beyond the court\rquote 
s control creates the very real likelihood that the information will, over time, become incomplete, inaccurate and stale, or contain information that has been removed from the court\rquote s records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Keeping information distributed in bulk current may require the court to provide \'93refreshed\'94 information on a frequent, regular and periodic basis. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This may raise issues of availability of court resources to do this. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Although creating liability or penalties on the third party information provider might reduce the risk of stale or incorrect information being distributed, meeting this standard still requires the court to provide updated and new information on a frequent
 basis. 
\par 
\par A particular problem with bulk distribution of criminal conviction information has to do with expungement policies. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
If the intent of an expungement policy is to \'93erase\'94 a conviction, the public policy may be impossible to implement if the information is already in another database as a result of a bulk transfer of the information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 An approach needs to be devised that accommodates expungement and bulk distribution. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Potential mass access to electronic court information further highlights the question of the accuracy of the court\rquote s records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This is particularly important for databases created by court or clerk of court employees. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The potential for bulk distribution of the information in a court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 database will require courts and clerks to be even mo
re vigilant about both the accuracy of their databases and the timeliness of entering information into them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid4994618 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs39\fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid10824761 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570914}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594648}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631616}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631859}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781057}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781685}
{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632379}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570914}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594648}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631616}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631859}Section 4.40 \endash  Access to Compiled Information from Court Records{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781057}
{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781685}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632379}
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (a)\tab 
Compiled information is that information that is derived from the selection, aggregation or reformulation by the court of some of the information from more than one individual court record.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4663841 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570916}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570916}
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\ls19\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Any member of the public may request information compiled by the court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This compiled information must consist solely of information that is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ublicly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 accessible, informati
on that is not already available pursuant to section 4.20 or in an existing report, and information that can be compiled through reasonable efforts based on currently available resources and technology.  The court may delegate to its staff or the clerk of
 
court the authority to make the initial determination as to whether to provide compiled information or to provide bulk distribution of the requested information pursuant to section 4.30, and to let the requestor, rather than the court, compile the informa
tion. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid4415708 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570917}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594651}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570917}(c)\tab 
Compiled information that includes information to which public access has been restricted may be requested by any member of the public pursuant to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ection 4.60.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594651} }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  The request shall be made o
n the form Petition for Compiled Information to Which Public Access has been Restricted at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ection 9.00 of these }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ules, and shall include a verified declaration that:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570919}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594653}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570919}1)\tab I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 dentifies what information is sought}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594653};
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570920}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594654}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570920}
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 2)\tab E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
xplains provisions for securing the protection of any information}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 requested{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570921}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594654}
 to which public access is restricted or prohibited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570921};}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  and 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570922}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570922}
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 3)\tab State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
s that while the information contained in the compiled data may be synthesized, summarized or reformatted for scholarly or journalistic purposes, the data itself will not be sold, published or otherwise disseminated.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (d)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 If the request 
is granted, the court may make such additional orders as may be needed to protect information to which access has been restricted or pr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ohibited.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 {\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section authorizes access to compiled information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The section describes how the compiled information is requested, the requirements for obtaining compiled information,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
and possible limitations on using the information. 
\par 
\par The primary interests served by release of compiled information are supporting the role of the judiciary, promoting the accountability of the judiciary, and providing public education regarding the judiciary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Compiled data allows analysis and comparison of court decisions across cases, across judges and across courts. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This information can also educate the public about the judicial process. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
It can provide guidance to individuals in the conduct of their everyday life and business. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Although some judges may have legitimate concerns
 about misuse of compiled data, for example in comparing the decisions of judges, such an analysis is one approach to monitoring the performance of the judiciary. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Compiled data also allows the study of the effectiveness of the judiciary and the laws enforced in courts. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 For example, the studies of delay reduction leading to improved case management and faster case processing times were based on analysis of compiled data from thousands of cases in over a hundred courts across the country. }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 In allowing compiled data to be disseminated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  a court should be mindful not to gather information that it does not need to fulfill its judicial role, even if those requesting compiled information are interested in obtaining this information. 
\par 
\par Subsection (a) provides a definition of compiled information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Compiled information is different from case-by-case access because it involves information from more than one case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Compiled info
rmation is different from bulk access in that it involves only some of the information from some cases and the information has been reformulated or aggregated; it is not just a copy of all the information in the court\rquote s records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Essentially compiled information involves the creation of a new court record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 In order to provide compiled information a court generally must write a computer program to select the specific cases or information sought in the request, or otherwise use court resources to identify, g
ather, and copy the information. 
\par 
\par Generating compiled data may require court resources}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 and generating the compiled information may compete with the normal operations of the court for resources, which may be a reason for the court not to compile the information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
It may be less costly for the court and less of an impact on the court to, instead, provide bulk distribution of the requested information pursuant to section 4.30, and let the requestor, rather than the court, compile the information. 
\par 
\par Subsection (b) addresses requests for information that is publicly available. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Since public resources are used in responding to the request, the question for the court is whether responding meets criteria established by the court for providing such informa
tion, and whether the court will choose to expend available resources on the request. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The reference in section 4.40(b) to section 4.20 and existing reports is intended to limit the section\rquote s application to requests for compiled data that are not already 
routinely prepared and made public. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Party name indices, or a screen that reports the results of a name search of either civil or criminal cases, are examples of compiled information that already exist. 
\par 
\par Section 4.40(c) addresses requests for information that is not publicly accessible. Since the information is not publicly accessible, the section provides for protections of the restricted information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The exception for \'93journalistic purposes\'94 in sub}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 4.40(c) is included as a recognition that what journalism sells is information, and prohibiting a journalist from selling the information may defeat the purpose of providing the information to the journalist in the first place. 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Subsection 4.40(d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ) further identifies possible provisions for preventing improper disclosure of restricted or prohibited information. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 A state or individual court\rquote 
s policy might also consider a requirement of a nondisclosure agreement that includes injunctive relief and indemnities for improper disclosure. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 In order to get a court order releasing the information the appropriate nondisclosure agreement must be signed by the requestor.
\par 
\par The enforcement of restrictions on the use or dissemination of information provided presents additional issues that the courts must address. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
One option is for courts to refuse to continue supplying compiled data to a certain organization, or on a certain subject, if abuses occur. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Another option is to create, or strengthen, penalties for the release of information to which access is restricted under these rules.  
\par 
\par The distribution of both publicly accessible and protected data also presents ancillary issues.  Analysis of the data without a full understanding of the meaning of the data elements or codes used, or without a full understanding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 the limitations of the data, can result in conclusions not substantiated by the data. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 To some extent this can be addressed by explanatory information provided with the transmittal of the compiled information.
\par 
\par Another concern arises with release of compiled dat
a in electronic form.  This is the result of the nature of electronic records, which are an atypical subset of data from all court records.  As electronic versions of information become more available, skewing arises between what is available in electroni
c
 form, versus paper form.  Compiled data from the electronic record may, therefore, not be representative of all cases.  The fact that very little information prior to a certain date is available in electronic form could also cause significant skewing.  I
f historical records are not scanned or otherwise converted into electronic form, the electronic records will only be recent cases or newer}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  information }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 in older cases.  There are no obvious ways to avoid this problem, assuming the cost of producing electronic versions of all existing records is prohibitive. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Finally, an extracted set of information is a snapshot of the information, whereas the database from which the information is extracted is dynamic, constantly changing and growing. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570923}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594656}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631617}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631860}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781058}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781686}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632380}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570923
}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594656}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631617}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631860}
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid2051278 Section 4.50 \endash  Court Records Excluded from Public Access{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781058}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781686}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632380}
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\qj \li0\ri0\sa52\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af1\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s2\qj \li0\ri0\sa52\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\i0\f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 4.50 \endash  Court Records Excluded from Public Access}}}\sectd \psz1\pgnrestart\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1585608\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b0\i0\f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The following information in a court record is not accessible to the public:
\par 
\par (a)\tab Information that is not to be accessible to the public pursuant to state law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par (b)\tab Information that is not to be accessible to the public pursuant to federal law.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par (c)\tab Unless required to be made public, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 he following information is not available }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 without leave of the court:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid2886130 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 1)\tab Complete social security numbers;
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 2)\tab Complete financial account numbers;
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1440\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 3)\tab Full names of minor children, unless state law requires a child\rquote 
s name to be accessible to the public; and 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 4)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tab Full birth dates of any person.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (d)\tab 
It is the responsibility of the filing party to comply with these rules to protect private information.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par The objective of this section is to identify those categories of information to which public access will be prohibited.  The concept of the secti
on is that for certain types of information an existing statute, rule or case law expresses a policy determination, made by the Legislature or the judiciary, that the presumption of public access has been overcome by an individual\rquote 
s right to privacy, and that the prohibition of public access applies on a categorical, as opposed to a case-by-case, basis.
\par 
\par The section suggests two possible sources of restrictions on access to information.  The first is state law.  The following commentary provides several lis
ts of categories that are currently found in state statute, rule or case law.  The second source is federal law, although there are few, if any, such limitations.  The inclusion of the various federal laws in the Commentary that do restrict the distributi
o
n of some information, but have not been found to apply to the distribution of court records, is intended to provide court administrators with a convenient resource to ensure that administrators have an accurate understanding of those federal laws so misa
pprehension of these provisions will not be an obstacle to the efficient and appropriate release of court records.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid5396093 Subsection (a) - State law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
  Information that is not accessible to the public pursuant to state law generally falls into two categories.  First are case types where the records of the entire court proceedings are presumptively sealed.  These are:
\par 
\par 1.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 Child }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 buse and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 n}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 eglect }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 roceedings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 nd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 roceedings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 rought to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 erminate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 arental }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 ights }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 ased }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 pon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 buse or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 eglect of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid13514648 hild}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
  All court records pertaining to actions taken under Title 41, Chapter 3 are not open for public inspection unless the court \'93finds disclosure to be necessary for the fair resolution of the issue before it.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  41-3-205 (2), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 2.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 Involuntary }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 ommitment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 roceedings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 ursuant to Title 53, part 21, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 ental }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 llness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid7752561 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   Court records in these matters must be sealed five days prior to release of respondent and only opened for \'93good cause shown.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 53-21-103, MCA. 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx0\wrapdefault\faauto\ls16\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 Minor\rquote s Names}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
State law requires the disclosure of a minor\rquote s identity in some circumstances. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Disclosure may be required pursuant to a specific statutory mandate or pursuant to a statutory provision applicable to both adults and minors where disclosure is required and no exception for the disclosure of a minor\rquote 
s identity has been established.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Examples of such provisions are the traffic regulation laws.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 See generally}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  Title 61, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 hapter 8, MCA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
In those situations where state law does not require the disclosure of minor\rquote s names, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orce supports the use of fictitious names to refer to minors whose names would otherwise be included in court records accessible to the public, such as victims or witnesses. }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 We agree that the use of initials to accomplish this purpose, given {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}
}Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}\rquote s modest population, does not accord the privacy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 warranted in these situations. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 4.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 Formal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 outh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 ecords}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
.  These records are physically sealed on the youth\rquote s 18th birthday, or, in cases where \'93jurisdiction of the court or any agency is extended beyond the youth\rquote s 18th birthday, the records\'94
 are sealed when the extended jurisdiction has ended.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  41-5-216 (1), MCA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Prior to this time, these records are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 open to public inspection, except for the \'93
social, medical and psychological records, youth assessment materials, predispositional studies and supervision records of probationer\'94 which may be accessed only by those designated in \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \~}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 41-5-215  (2), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 However, medical records, fingerprints, 
{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}DNA{\*\xmlclose} records, photographs, youth traffic records, or \'93records in any case in which the youth did not fulfill all requirements of the court\rquote s judgment or disposition\'94
 as well as records identified in \'a7 42-3-203, MCA, and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 45}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 5-624 (7), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  are exempt from these sealing provisions.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  41-5-216 (4), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 5.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 Informal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 outh }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 ecords}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
.  Informal youth court records must also be physically sealed on the youth\rquote s 18th birthday, or, if jurisdiction has been extended, they must be sealed when the jurisdiction has ended.  \'a7
 41-5-216 (7), MCA.  However, these youth records may only be inspected by youth court personnel prior to the youth\rquote s 18th birthday, and only when there is a new offense}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 6.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 Conciliation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 ourt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 roceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid7752561 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   All district court hearings or conferences under this chapter shall be closed unless opened to inspection by parties or counsel upon judicial order.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  40-3-116, MCA.
\par 
\par 7.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 Parentage }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15535997 roceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
.  All hearings or trials held under Title 40, part 6 must be held in closed court without admittance of any person other than those necessary to the action.  All records other than the final judgment are only subject to inspection by consent o
f court and all interested persons or in exceptional cases, only upon an order \'93for good cause shown.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  40-6-120, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par \sect }\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 8.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 Adoption }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 roceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 .  All papers and records concerning adoption \'93must be kept as a permanent record of the 
court and must be withheld from inspection,\'94
 and may only be distributed pursuant to a court order when good cause is shown, pursuant to the state statutory provisions regarding the collection of vital statistics or for purposes of child support enforcemen
t and other narrow circumstances provided within Title 42, Chapter 6, part 1.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section 42-6-101, MCA.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 9.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 Proceedings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 egarding the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 buse or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 eglect of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 e}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 lderly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 ersons and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 ersons with}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 evelopmental }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 isabilities}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
All actions presumed confidential and not released to public unless by court order or action of law.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  52-3-813, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 10.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 Proceedings }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 nder }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 arental }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 otice of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 bortion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid13503520 ct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
.  This statute has been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 enjoined from enforcement by the First Judicial Dist
rict Court of Montana.  A minor petitioning to judicially bypass parental notification must be provided the option of using a pseudonym or initials and all documents related to the petition are confidential and are not available to the public.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  50}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 20-212(3), MCA}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 11.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid272710 Guardianship and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid272710 onservatorship }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid272710 roceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
.  Such proceedings must be closed if requested by the person alleged to be incapacitated or his or her counsel.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  72-5-315 (4), MCA}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 12.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 Grand }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 j}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 ury }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 roceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 .  Courts \'93shall order a hearing on matters affecting a grand jury proceeding to be closed.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  46-11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 -307, MCA.  Disclosure of these }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
proceedings is limited and generally may not be made to the public unless authorized by the district court.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  46}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 11-317, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 13.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 Investigative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 ubpoena }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 roceedings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 .  These proceedings are subject to the same secrecy and disclosure provisions as grand jury proceedings.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  46-4-304 (2), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 14.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 Dissolution of Marriage, Criminal Conversation or Seduction}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid7752561 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   Courts are authorized to exclude everyone from the courtroom except the officers of the court, the parties, their witnesses, and counsel for the trial of any issue of fact in these proceedings.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  3-1-313(2), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 15.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 Supervision }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 roceedings by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 nsurance }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 ommissioner}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid7752561 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   All records of the proceedings of actions taken under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \'a7 33-2-1321 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 33-2-1322}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 , MCA,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  are to be confidential, unless the district court orders otherwise. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  33-2-1323, MCA.
\par 
\par The Second category is information contained in court records that are not sealed, which state law recognizes as sufficiently private to prohibit public access:
\par 
\par 1.\tab The address, telephone number, or place of employment of a victim of a criminal offense or a member of the victim\rquote s family if the victim requests confidentiality, unless this information \'93is of the location of the crime scene\'94
 or disclosure of this information \'93is required by law, is necessary for law enforcement purposes, or is authorized by a district cou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
t upon a showing of good cause.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  44-5-311 (1), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 2.\tab All information identifying the victim of certain sexual crimes, unless that information \'93is of the location of the crime scene\'94 or the disclosure of this information \'93is require
d by law, is necessary for law enforcement purposes, or is authorized by a district cou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 t upon a showing of good cause.\'94  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  44-5-311 (3), MCA.  These crimes are sexual assault, \'a7 45-5-502, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 , sexual intercourse without consent, \'a7 45-5-503, MCA, indecent exposure, \'a7 45-5-504, MCA, and incest, \'a7 45-5-507, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 3.\tab A defendant\rquote s {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}DNA{\*\xmlclose} information disclosed during a criminal proceeding.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  44}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 106, 108, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 4.\tab Videotapes that are part of the record in cases involving sexual offenses.  Videotapes \'93which are part of the court record are subject to a protective order of the court for the purpose of protecting the privacy of the victim.\'94  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  46-15-403, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 5.\tab Pre-sentence investigation reports, pursuant to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  46-18-113, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 6.\tab Notice by prosecutor of other crimes, wrongs or acts.  Notice must be filed and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
sealed until the time of trial or until a plea of guilty or nolo contendere is entered by the defendant.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  46-13-109 (3), MCA}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid13594721 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 7.\tab Confidential criminal justice informa
tion.  Dissemination of confidential criminal justice information is restricted to criminal justice agencies, to those authorized by law to receive it, and to those authorized by court order upon a written finding that the demands of individual privacy do
 not clearly exceed the merits of public disclosure.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  44}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 5}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 303, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 8.\tab Will filed with court.  A will filed with the court must be sealed and kept confidential during the testator\rquote s lifetime.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  72-2-535, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 9.\tab Writs of attachment.  The fact of the filing of the complaint or the issuing of such attachment cannot be disclosed to the public until after the filing of return of service of attachment.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  27-18-11}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 1, MCA.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 10.\tab Medical information provided for marriage license.  All medical certificates, laboratory statements and reports and information provided pursuant to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \'a7 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 40-1-203}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 , MCA,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  through }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \'a7 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 40}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 209}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 , MCA,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  are confidential and may not be disclosed to anyone other than state or local health officials.  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  40-1-208, MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 11.\tab Conf
idential information in certificate of marriage or dissolution of marriage.  Disclosure of confidential information in certificate of marriage or dissolution of marriage for statistical purposes is prohibited unless disclosure is specifically authorized b
y law for statistical or research purposes or unless ordered by a court.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  50}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 15}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \_}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 121(6), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par \sect }\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 12.\tab Confidential information in birth records.  Disclosure of \'93confidential information\'94 in birth records for medical or health use is proh
ibited unless disclosure is specifically authorized by law for statistical or research purposes or unless ordered by a court.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
 50-15-121(6), MCA.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15607770 Subsection (b)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15607770 Federal Law:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   There are several types of information that are commonly, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid15607770 if incorrectly}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
, considered to be protected from public disclosure by federal law.  
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 1.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Although the laws or regulations may prohibit a federal agency, federal employees, or certain other specifically designated parties from disclosing certain information,
 the prohibitions generally do not extend to disclosure by state courts where the information has become a part of the court record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par 2.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Parties should take note that these federal laws or regulations may apply to them when they introduce restricted infor
mation onto the court records, which may require the individuals to request the court to restrict access under sections 4.50 or 4.60(a).  Each category is discussed below.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 3.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Social Security }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
umbers.  Although there may be restrictions on federal agencies disclosing Social Security Numbers (SSNs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
they do not apply to state or local agencies such as courts.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
One provision of the Social Security Act does bar disclosure by state and local governments of SSNs collected pursuant to any law enacted on or after October 1, 1990.  42 U.S.C. \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 405(c)(2)(C)(vii)(I).  Assuming the section is applicable to state courts (there is some question about this), it would only apply to laws authorizing courts to collect SSNs that were adopted after this date.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  One possible exa
mple of this may be the law passed in the mid 1990s to facilitate child support collection that requires inclusion of SSNs in orders granting dissolution of marriage, establishing child support or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 d}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 etermining paternity. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 42 U.S.C. \'a7 405(c)(2)(C)(ii). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 There does not appear to be any consensus as to whether the non-disclosure provision applies to, or is superseded by, the newer collection requirement.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid4863014 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 4.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Federal income or business tax returns. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Federal law prohibits disclosure of tax returns by federal agencies or employees, but the prohibition does not extend to disclosure by others.
\par 
\par \sect }\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 5.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Educational information protected by federal law. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 FERPA protects information about students receiving federal aid from disclosure by a university or public
 school system, but it does not address disclosure of such information in a court record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 20 U.S.C. \'a7 1232g.  
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 6.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Health and medical information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) and regulations adopted pursuant to it limit disclosure of certain health related information about people by certain healthcare entities.  42 U.S.C. 
\'a7 1320d; 45 C.F.R. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 art 160 and 164.  Whether the limitation extends to state court records is not clear, however, state courts are not inclu
ded within the definition of health care entities that are covered by HIPAA.  There are also federal restrictions regarding information in alcohol and drug abuse patient records and requiring confidentiality of information acquired by drug court programs.
  42 U.S.C. \'a7 290dd-2.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 7.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Criminal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 istory }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 nformation. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
There are federal regulations generally restricting the use of criminal history information contained in criminal records repositories maintained by executive branch agencies, particularly non-conviction information, to criminal justice purposes. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The provisions do not extend to information once it becomes part of a court record in a case; nor do they extend to court records containing criminal conviction information.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 8.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Americans with Disabilities A
ct.  Federal regulations implementing the Americans with Disabilities Act provides that employers must segregate and keep confidential all information regarding medical examinations of employees required by the employer that are job-related and consistent
 with business necessity.  42 U.S.C. \'a7 12112, 29 C.F.R. \'a7}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
1630.14(c)(1).  Thus, to the extent that personnel records of court employees are identified as court records under these rules, federal law would prohibit the distribution of those records to the public.  
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 9.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Research }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 nvolving }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 uman }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ubjects. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
There are federal regulations establishing practices and, in certain circumstances, prohibiting disclosure of certain personal identifier information gathered in the course of federally funded research on human subjects.  28 C.F.R. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
art 46 and 45 C.F.R. section 46.  This does not apply to information gathered by a state court in the normal course of judicial business, but it might apply to individuals requesting information from court records for research purp
oses under section 4.30 (bulk access) or section 4.40 (compiled access).  28 C.F.R. \'a7 46.101(b)(4).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par Subsection (c)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   Finally, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask 
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orce determined that there are few if any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ircumstances where merits of public disclosure of social security numbers, f
inancial account numbers, minor children and birth dates would outweigh the privacy interests implicated.  Thus, in light of the absence of specific state or federal protection of such information when contained in court records that are otherwise accessi
ble to the public, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
orce feels it is necessary to include this protection in these court rules. 
\par 
\par \sect }\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 There are a variety of ways to comply with this rule.  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orce believes that the following are the most effective ways to accomplish this purpose:
\par 
\par 1.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid536744 Social Security numbers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 .  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
orce recommends the disclosure of no more than the last four digits of the social security number.  However, as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orce does not have the specific expertise to determine the implications of the publication of just partial social security numbers upon the individual\rquote 
s privacy interests, this recommendation is provisional.  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orce would recommend to the Court that dur
ing the public comment period, a special invitation be made to members of the public who have this specific expertise so the implications of even partial disclosure of social security number}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
s can be thoroughly explored.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 2.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid536744 Financial account numbers}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 .  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
orce supports the disclosure of only the last four digits of any such account.  As with the prior recommendation, however, this recommendation is provisional}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orce does not have the specific expertise to determine the implications of the p
ublication of partial financial account numbers upon the individual\rquote s the privacy interests.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 3.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid536744 Minor\rquote s names}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
.  In those situations where state law does not otherwise require the disclosure of minor\rquote s names, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orce supports the use of fictitious
 names to refer to children victims or witnesses in court records accessible to the public.  We agree that the use of initials to accomplish this purpose does not, given {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}Montana
{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}\rquote s modest population, accord the privacy warranted in these situations.
\par 
\par 4.\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid536744 Full birth dates of any person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 .  The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ask }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 F}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orce supports the disclosure of only the birth year, and not the month or date of birth. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid14172707 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570924}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594657}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631618}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631861}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632381}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781059}
{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781687}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570924}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594657}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631618}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631861}
Section 4.60 - Requests to Prohibit Public Access to Information in Court Records or to Obtain Access to Restricted Information{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632381}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781059}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781687}
\par }{\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 4.60 - Requests To Prohibit Public Access to Information In Court Records Or To Obtain Access to Restricted Information}}}\sectd \psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (a)\tab 
A motion or request to prohibit public access to information in a court record may be made by any party to a case, the individual about whom information is present in the court record, the clerk of court, or on the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 s own motion. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The court must decide whether there are sufficient grounds to prohibit access by determining whether the demand of individual privacy clearly exceeds the merits of public disclosure.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The court should require that a party file a motion to protect the information, with the information to be protected in a sealed envelope lodged, but not filed, with the court.  If the court grants the motion or request, the information will be filed und
er seal.  If the court denies the request, the party will have the option to file the information with knowledge that it will}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  be accessible to the public.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (b)\tab 
In restricting access the court will use the least restrictive means that will achieve the purposes of the access rules and the needs of the requestor.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
A request to obtain access to information in a court record to which access is prohibited under section 4.50 or 4.60(a) of these rules may be made by any member of the public or on the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \rquote }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 s own mo
tion upon notice as provided in subsection 4.60(c).  The court must decide whether there are sufficient grounds to prohibit access by determining whether the demand of individual privacy clearly exceeds the merits of public disclosure. When the request is
 made for bulk or compiled information to which public access has been prohibited under Section 4.50 and 4.60(a) of these rules, the court should consider the actions provided in section 4.40(c) when making such a determination.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (c)\tab The following is the pr
ocess for making requests described in 4.50(a) and 4.50(b) where that process is not provided in state or case law.  The request shall be made by a written motion to the court.  The requestor will give notice to all parties in the case except as prohibite
d by law.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The court may require notice to be given by the requestor or another party to any individuals or entities identified in the information that is the subject of the request.  When the request is for access to information to which access was previou
sly prohibited under section 4.60(a), the court will provide notice to the individual or entity that requested that access be prohibited either itself or by directing a party to give the notice.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid14099163 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid13594721 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section lays out the basic considerations and processes for prohibiting access to otherwise publicly available inf
ormation (often referred to as sealing), or opening access to restricted information (whether restricted under section 4.50 or section 4.60(a)).  The language incorporates the presumption of openness, and the need for sufficient grounds to overcome the pr
e
sumption.  The section also specifies the mechanism for making the request and directs the court to use the least restrictive approach possible when restricting public access.  The section reflects that the consideration must be made by the court on a cas
e-by-case basis.
\par 
\par Subsection (a) allows anyone who is identified in the court record to request prohibition of public access. This specification is quite broad, including a witness in a case or someone about whom personally identifiable information is prese
nt in the court record, but who is not a party to the action. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
While the reach of the rule is quite broad, this is required to meet the intent of subsection 1.00(a)(6) regarding protection of individual privacy rights and interests, not just the privacy rights and interests of parties to a case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Protection is available for someone who is referred to in the case, but does not have the options or protections a party to the case would have.
\par 
\par Subsection (a) provides only for prohibiting access to information, 
not prohibiting access to the existence of the information. Section 4.10(b) specifically provides that the existence of information to which access is prohibited will be publicly accessible.  Subsection (a) does not have any restrictions regarding when th
e request can be made, implying it can be done at any time.
\par 
\par This subsection provides that it is the court that will decide whether access will be prohibited.  Even if all parties agree that public access to information should be prohibited, this is not bin
ding on the court, which must still make the decision based on the applicable law.  
\par 
\par Subsection (a) also addresses what access is permitted between the time a request to prohibit access is made and the court rules on the request. This is particularly crit
ical if the request is made simultaneously with the filing of the information. It is also more }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 ritical whe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  the parties represent themselves and are unaware of appropriate procedures.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  A court should require that a party file a motion to prohibit access w
ith the information to be protected in a sealed envelope being lodged, but not filed, with the court. If the court grants the request, the information can be filed with prohibition to prohibition of access, or not filing it.  In order to avoid the misuse 
of such a provision to achieve at least temporary restriction, a court should establish procedures that provide for prompt consideration of a request to prohibit access.
\par 
\par \sect }\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj \pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The last paragraph to subsection (a) requires the court to seek an app
roach that minimizes the amount of information that cannot be accessed, as opposed to an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 all or nothing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  approach.  This is directed at the question of what to do about a document or other material in the court record that contains some information to whi
ch access should be prohibited along with other information that remains publicly accessible. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The issue becomes one of whether it is technically possible to redact some information from a document and to allow the balance of the document to be publicly av
ailable.  Less restrictive methods include redaction of pieces of information in the record, sealing of only certain pages of a document, as opposed to the entire document, or sealing of a document, but not the entire file. As noted previously (see commen
t
ary under section 3.20) newer technologies permit tagging of information in an electronic record in a way that readily allows electronic redaction of pieces of information in an electronic document, and courts are encouraged to obtain this capability when
 acquiring new systems. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
As discussed in the commentary to section 4.10, other approaches to restricting access to names would preferably include using pseudonyms or other unique identifier rather than a full or real name.
\par 
\par In addition to whether it is tech
nically possible, there may be an issue of whether it is feasible to redact information in a record, and whether the court or clerk has the resources to do so.  The work needed to exhaustively review a large file or document to find information to be reda
cted may be prohibitive, such that access to the whole file or document would be restricted, rather than attempting redaction.
\par 
\par There is information that may be contained in court records which has not been protected in state statute, but may raise significant privacy interests that individuals may seek to protect pursuant to this section}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 1.\tab Medical records; State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  v. Nelson}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 , 283 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}
Mont.{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} 231, 242, 941 P.2d 441, 448}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (1997).  These records may include descriptions or analysis of a person\rquote s 
{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}DNA{\*\xmlclose}
 or genetic material, biometric identifiers, psychological evaluations, examination, diagnosis, evaluation or treatment records and photographs.  In addition to court files in connection with a specific case, such information may also be found }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 jury questionnaires}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .  S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
ee discussion below}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid3419173 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 2.\tab Identity of a witness where the physical safety of the witness is in actual jeopardy and no less restrictive means of protecting the right to privacy are available.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}Great Falls{\*\xmlclose} Tribune v. District Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 , 238 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}
{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}Mont.{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} 310, 319, 777 P.2d 345, 350}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
(1989).  Other individuals who may similarly be in actual jeopardy could include victims in stalking or domestic violence cases, informants or potential or sworn jurors in a criminal case. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Such identifying information may include }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
telephone number, address, email address or place of employment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  
\par 
\par 3.\tab Financial information that provides identifying account numbers on specific assets, liabilities, accounts, or credit cards.  Such information may be found within jury
 questionnaires, applications filed to request the waiver of court fees or the appointment of counsel at public expense, and chil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 d support enforcement documents.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 4.\tab Full addresses of children who are victims or witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par \sect }\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {\headerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s34\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\insrsid11365333\charrsid16271895  
\par }}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 5.\tab Photographs and other admitted exhibits depicting violence, death, or children subjected to abuse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 6.\tab State}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  income or business tax returns.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 7.\tab Personnel records, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Montana Human Rights Bureau v. City of Billings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 , 199 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}Mont
{\*\xmlclose} 434, 443, 649 P.2d 1283, 1288}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (1982)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 8.\tab Search warrants and affidavits pri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 or to the return on the warrant.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 9.\tab Arrest warrants and affidavits prior to the arrest of the person named}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 10.\tab Proprietary business information, \'a7 30-14-406 (2005), MCA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  
\par 
\par 11.\tab Judicial work product}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 12. \tab Court administration a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 nd clerk of court work product.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 13.\tab Certain court administration records}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 14.\tab Information gathered or created during the investigatory phase that is related to the performance, misconduct or discipline of a lawyer, which had been deemed confidential pursuant to Rule 20 of the Rules of Lawyer Disciplinary Enforcement}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 15.\tab Information gathered or created during the investigatory phase that is related to the performance, misconduct or discipline of a judicial officer, which had been deem
ed confidential pursuant to Rule 7 of the Rules of the Judicial Standards Commission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  
\par 
\par 16.\tab Information gathered or created during the investigatory phase related to alleged misconduct by entities or individuals regulated by the judiciary.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par {\*\bkmkstart QuickMark}{\*\bkmkend QuickMark}
Subsection (b) specifically allows a court to consider providing access to information to which access is categorically prohibited under section 4.50, as well as specific information in a court record to which access has previously been prohibited by a 
court pursuant to section 4.60(a). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This subsection addresses those situations where the reasons for prohibiting access no longer apply or have changed so that the merits of public disclosure of the information now outw}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
eigh the interest in privacy.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par Subsection (b) provides a standard and procedure for reviewing a previous decision to prohibit public access to information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Subsection (b)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 provides that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
any member of the public}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  can make the request for access to prohibited information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This term is defined broadly in section 2.00, and includes the media and business entities as well as individuals.
\par 
\par Subsection (c) contemplates a written motion seeking to prohibit, or gain, access. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Although a motion is specified, th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  section is silent as to the 
need for oral argument or testimony, leaving this up to the court.  Notice is required to be given to all parties by the requestor, except where prohibited by law.  The subsection gives the court discretion to require notice to be given to others identifi
ed in the information that is the subject of the request. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
If public access to the information was restricted by a prior request, the subsection requires the court to arrange for notice to be given to the person who made the prior request. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The process for seeking review by an appellate court is not specified in the policy, as the normal appeal process for a judicial decision is assumed to apply.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f1\fs32\lang1033\langfe1033\kerning32\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 
{\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\v\fs32\lang1033\langfe1033\kerning32\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl1}}}\sectd \psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594658}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631619}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631862}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632382}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781060}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781688}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594658}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631619}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631862}When Accessible}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632382}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781060}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781688}
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid16646877 Section 5.00 \endash  When Court Records May Be Accessed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (a)\tab C}{\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl1When Accessible}}}\sectd \psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570926}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594659}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631620}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631863}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570926}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594659}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631620}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631863}{\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 5.00 \endash  When Court Records May Be Accessed}}}
\sectd \psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
ourt records will be available for public access in the courthouse during hours established by the court.  Court records in electronic form to which the court allows 
remote access under these rules will be available for access at least during the hours established by the court for courthouse access, subject to unexpected technical failures or normal system maintenance announced in advance.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par (b) \tab Upon receiving a request for access to information the court will respond within a reasonable time regarding the availability of the information and provide the information within a reasonable time.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section requires a court to specify when court records are accessible. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10824761  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The rules direct, as a minimum, that remote access be available at the same time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  as records are accessible at the courthouse. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This section does not preclude or require \'93after hours\'94 access to court records in electronic form. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Courts are encouraged to provide access to records in electronic form beyond the hours access is available at the courthouse, with a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
goal of twenty-four}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  hours a day, seven days a week. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
However, it is not the intent of the rules to require courts to expend money or other resources to make remote access possible outside of normal business hours. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The section acknowledges that access to electronic records may occasionally not be ava
ilable during normal business hours because of unexpected interruptions to information technology systems, crashes, and during planned interruptions such as for back-up of databases, software upgrades or maintenance, or hardware upgrades or maintenance. 

\par 
\par Subsection (b) addresses the question of how quickly the information will be made available. There are a number of factors that can affect how quickly the court responds to a request and provides the information, assuming it is publicly accessible. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The re
sponse will be slower if the request is non-specific, is for a large amount of information, is for information that is in off-site storage, or requires significant amounts of court resources to respond to the request. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The objective is to have a prompt and timely response to a request for information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs32\insrsid1585608\charrsid13522789 Fees
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid13522789 Section 6.00 \endash  Fees for Access
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (a)\tab 
Disclosure or distribution of documents is subject to the payment of applicable fees as set by statute.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (b)\tab 
The court may charge a fee for bulk distribution or compiled information in accordance with state law.  To the extent that public access to information is provided exclusively through a vendor, the court will ensure that any fee imposed by the vendor for 
the cost of bulk and compiled information is reasonable and covers the vendor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 s actual costs.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section recognizes that providing access to information in court records does consume court resources. Access is not without cost.  Statutory fees of the clerk of district court are enumerated in \'a7 25-1-201, MCA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The preparation and access to the transcript of proceedings is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 governed by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \'a7 3-5-604, MCA. 
\par 
\par Fees for bulk access pursuant to section 4.30 or compiled access pursuant to section 4.40, which require special programming or actions because the information is not regularly available in the form requested, shall be calculated in accordance with \'a7 
{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}2-6-11{\*\xmlclose}0, MCA. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This section also provides that if access is provided exclusively through a vendor, any fee imposed must be reasonable. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\qj \li0\ri0\sa52\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af1\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b0\i0\f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632386}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781064}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781692}Section 7.00 - Obligation of Vendors Providing Information Technology Support to a Court to Maintain Court Records
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632386}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781064}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781692}
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 7.00 Obligation of Vendors Providing Information Technology Support to a Court to Maintain Court Records}}}\sectd \psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (a)\tab 
If a court contracts with a vendor to provide information technology support to gather, store, or make accessible court records, the contract will require the vendor to comply with the intent and provisions of these access rules.  For purposes of thi
s section, \'93vendor\'94 includes a state, county or local governmental agency that provides information technology services to a court as well as private contractors.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 (b)\tab By contrast the vendor will be required to comply with the requirement of sections 8.10,
 8.20, 8.30, 8.40 and 8.50 to educate litigants, the public, and its employees and subcontractors about the provisions of the access policy.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-180\li180\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin180\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 (c)\tab By contract the vendor will be required to notify the court of any requests for \tab 
compiled information or bulk distribution of information, including the vendor\rquote s \tab requests for such information for its own use.  Accordingly, rules 4.30 and 4.40 apply.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Public Access to Court Records}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par This section addresses situations where information technology services are provided to a court by another agency, usually in the executive branch, or by outsourcing of court information technology services to non-governmental entities. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 The intent is to have the
 rules apply regardless of who is providing the services involving court records.  Implicit in these rules is that court records are under the control of the judiciary, and that the judiciary has the responsibility to ensure public access to court records
 and to restrict access where appropriate. 
\par 
\par The section provides a standard applicable to vendors as well as the courts. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Regulating vendors is also relevant to the issue of liability of the court for release of information that causes harm, particularly if there is no judicial immunity regarding adoption or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 mplementation of a local policy.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs20\insrsid1585608\charrsid6756111 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par \sect }\sectd \ltrsect\psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {\headerr \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s34\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14774330 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11365333\charrsid10046683 
\par }}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Subsection (a): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \'93Information technology support\'94
 is meant to include a wide range of activities, including records management services or equipment
, making and keeping the verbatim record, computer hardware or software, database management, web sites, and communications services used by the court to maintain court records and provide public access to them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 It would also apply to vendors who are only providing access to a copy of electronic court records maintained by the court itself or by an executive branch agency. 
\par 
\par Vendor compliance is particularly important where the vendor\rquote s system is the only means of accessing the information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The court must ensure that the vendor is not using the exclusive control of access to limit access, whether through fees, technology requirements, or a requirement to sign a \'93user agreement,\'94
 particularly if it imposes restrictions on the use of the information that the court could not impose.  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Subsection (b): }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
The requirements of the rules regarding a vendor educating its employees or subcontractors, litigants, and the public are in addition to any incentive to do so provided by the liability or indemnit
y provisions of applicable law or the contract or agreement with the court. 
\par 
\par Subsection (c): This subsection requires vendors to notify the court of requests for bulk information (pursuant to section 4.30) or compiled information (pursuant to section 4.40
). The court must receive this notice in order to properly control the release of information in its records. 
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\f1\fs32\lang1033\langfe1033\kerning32\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632387}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781065}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781693}Obligation of the Court to Inform and Educate{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632387}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781065}
{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781693}
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\pard\plain \ltrpar
\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl1Obligation of the Court to Inform and Educate}}}\sectd \psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570932}
{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594665}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631626}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631869}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781067}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781695}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632389}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570932}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594665}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631626}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631869}
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid16005288 Section 8.00 \endash  Information and Education Regarding Access Rules
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid16005288 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs39\fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid16005288 Section 8.10 \endash  Dissemination of Information to Litigants about Access to Information in Court Records{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781067}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781695}
{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632389}
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 8.10 \endash 
 Dissemination of Information to Litigants About Access to Information in Court Records}}}\sectd \psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par The court will make information available to litigants and the public that information in the court record about them is accessible to the public, including remotely and how to request to restrict the manner of access or to prohibit public access.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section recognizes that litigants may not be aware that information provided to the court, by them or other parties in the case, generally is accessible to the public, including, possibly, bulk downloads. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Litigants may also be unaware that some of the information may be available in electronic form, possibly even remotely.  This section requires the courts to inform litigants about public access to c
ourt records so they can make efforts to protect their privacy throughout the proceedings.  Such a requirement ensures that the public is provided the information necessary to protect their interests.
\par 
\par This section also specifically requires the court to i
nform litigants of the process for requesting restrictions to the manner of access under section 4.50, and to inform litigants about how to request prohibition of public access to information in their case pursuant to section 4.60. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 This would be especiall
y important in cases involving domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, or requests for protective orders and witnesses where there is a greater risk of harm to individuals. 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs39\fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid16005288 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570933}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594666}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631627}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631870}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781068}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781696}
{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632390}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570933}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594666}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631627}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631870}Section 8.20 \endash  Dissemination of Information to the Public about Accessing Court Records
{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781068}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781696}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632390}
\par }{\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\tc {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 \tcl2Section 8.20 \endash  Dissemination of Information to the Public About Accessing Court Records}}}\sectd \psz1\sbknone\linex0\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid14774330\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par The Court will develop and make information available to the public about how to obtain access to court records pursuant to these rules.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par Public access to court records is meaningless if the public does not know how to access the records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
This section establishes an obligation on the court to provide information to the public, which should include jurors, victims, witnesses and other participants in judicial proceedings, about how to access court records. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid12614472 Section 8.30 \endash  Education of Judges and Court Personnel about the Access Rules
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par All }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
ourts and clerks of court shall ensure that their personnel comply with these access rules and respond to requests for access in a manner consistent with the rules.
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par This section mandates that the court and clerk of court educate and train their employees to be able to properly implement an access policy. Properly trained employees will provide better 
customer service, facilitating access when appropriate, and preventing access when access is restricted or prohibited. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
When properly trained, there is also less risk of inappropriate disclosure, thereby protecting privacy and lowering risk to individuals from disclosure of sensitive information. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
Training should also be provided to employees of other agencies, or their contractors, who have access to information in court records, for example as part of shared integrated criminal justice information systems. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid2693021 Section 8.40 \endash  Education about Process to Change Inaccurate Information in a Court Record}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 All courts will inform the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  public of the rules by which the court will correct, expunge or update inaccurate information.
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\qj \li0\ri0\sa52\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af1\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab0\ai0\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\i0\f0\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 {\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133570936}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133594669}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631630}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133631873}{\*\bkmkstart a_Toc133632393}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781071}
{\*\bkmkstart _Toc134781699}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133570936}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133594669}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631630}{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133631873}Section 8.50 \endash  Procedure to Correct, Expunge or Update Inaccurate Information{\*\bkmkend a_Toc133632393}
{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781071}{\*\bkmkend _Toc134781699}
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 An individual who belie
ves that a case record contains clerical errors may submit a written request for correction to the court, clerk of court, or other custodian who maintains the record, with a copy served on all parties to the case.  Such request shall be no longer than two
 pages in length.  The custodian shall promptly do one of the following:
\par 
\par (a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 orrect a clerical error for which no court order is required}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462  (b) forward the request to the court to be considered informally; or (c) forward the request to the party or partici
pant who submitted the record containing the alleged clerical error who in turn may seek appropriate relief from the court.  Upon forwarding under clause (b), the court may either correct the error on its own initiative or direct that the request will onl
y be considered pursuant to a motion requesting correction.  The court\rquote s direction may also establish appropriate requirements for a motion.  The request for correction authorized in the rule need not be exhausted before other relief is requested.

\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary and Selected Text from {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}CCJ{\*\xmlclose}/COSCA Guidelines for Public Access to Court Records
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Court records are as susceptible to errors or incomplete information as any other public record. Section 8.40 and 8.50 establishes the method for reviewing i
nformation in court records and making any changes or additions to make the record more accurate or complete. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs32\insrsid1585608\charrsid15212362 Forms
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid7799334 Section 9.00 \endash  Forms 
\par 
\par Section 9.10}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608 \tab  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608\charrsid7799334 Petition for Compiled Information to which Public Access has been Restricted.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs28\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 Task Force Commentary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608  on Rule 9.00
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid2644046 It is anticipated that more forms will be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608  necessary to assist both the courts and litigants in providing pub}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5181896 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ic access to court records while protecting individual privacy interests. Form 9.10 is included at the outset as it will be required under Section 4.40. 
\par \page }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid3298462 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 Petition for Compiled Information}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid946841 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 To Which Public Access Has Been Restricted
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab Pursuant to Section 4.40(c) of the Rules for Privacy and Public Access to Court Records in {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
, the undersigned represents and petitions as follows:
\par 
\par 1.\tab Petitioner\rquote s full name: _____________________________________________________
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 2.\tab \tab Petitioner\rquote s residential address: ______________________________________________
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab ________________________________________________________________________
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 3.\tab Petitioner\rquote s phone number: (_____) ___________________________
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 4.\tab Petitioner represents the following business, institution or organization:
\par \tab _______________________________________________________________________
\par 
\par 5.\tab Address of Business, institution or organization: ________________________________
\par _____________________________________________________________________________
\par 
\par 6.\tab Phone number of business, institution or organization: (_____) ____________________
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 7.\tab \tab The information sought is described as follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx180\wrapdefault\faauto\ls18\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab \tab The provisions for securing the protection of the above information are as \tab follows:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx180\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\faauto\ls18\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Petitioner states that while the information in the above compiled data may be synthesized, summarized or reformatted for scholarly or journalistic purposes, the \tab 
data itself will not be sold, published or otherwise disseminated.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 10.\tab Petitioner understand
s that a court of competent jurisdiction may make such additional orders as may be needed to protect information to which access has been restricted or prohibited.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab ____________________________________
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Petitioner
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1585608 Verification}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par 
\par State of _________________________
\par 
\par County of _______________________
\par 
\par The undersigned, being first duly sworn, on oath, swears (or affirms) that___he___she is the Petitioner named above, that ___he___she has read the Petition, and that the statements made in the Petition are true.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ____________________________________
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Petitioner
\par 
\par Signed and sworn to (or affirmed) before me on (date)__________________________________
\par By (name of Petitioner) __________________________________________________________
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li5040\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin5040\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ____________________________________
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Notary Public for the State of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname State}}
Montana{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ____________________________________
\par Printed Name of Notary
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ____________________________________}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608\charrsid11082174 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li360\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab Residence of Notary
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi360\li4680\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin4680\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 ____________________________________
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li4320\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin4320\itap0\pararsid1585608 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1585608 Expiration Date of Notary Commission
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx-1440\tx-720\tx0\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\tx9360\wrapdefault\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10777545 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs26\insrsid10777545\charrsid13583655 
\par }}